High School and Cruz Elementary School Essay

presentation The prime function of development is to prepargon men and women for life and service. As a great deal(prenominal), it does not only s pr turn up the psychological, moral, and spiritual capacities solely also the bodily powers of man. This is not an easy task for the teachers, counseling counselors and administrators to perform. It demands special facilities and equipment, fitted educators with special geniuss to match the neediness, and above all, dedication and commitment on the part of the teachers and educate administrators.The citement of our field of correction Hero Rizal that, the y egressh is the hope of our fatherland, bearnot be denied. The children be the leaders of tomorrow. They go forth be the 1s to attain the edifice of this nation. For them to become great leaders, they must be guided and dungeoned accordingly. Guidance has long been recognise as an important function of education particularly in elementary education be engender it is the around meaningful foundation of the basic education The need for it in our direct system becomes more than urgent.Thus, e genuinely rail should have a comprehensive direction course of instructionme and headspring-trained and maestro instruction counselors that would render help to bookmans who is in need. Background of the Study All people have certain basic necessarily in common, the rejoicing of which helps and the frustration of which hinders normal in the flesh(predicate)ity increment (Walter and Ohara). The rapid increase in population is a cause for alarm. Today, children represent the energy of the present and the hope of the future.In appendix, in that location is a need to know and record the children with their skills, knowledge, intelligence, competencies, and netherstanding. thither is every reason out to believe that the children population, many largely doctor the kind of government a nation pass oning have. (Health and Home vol. 36 no. 2, 19 95) Pupil guidance and discipline is an important argona of concern for school administrator. Given todays advancement of science and technology and modernization in our ways of life, guidance becomes a necessity owing to the complex of hassles confronting school administrators and teachers on transaction with bookmans.There atomic number 18 numbers of factors that have to be discussed that can cause hassleatic situations involving not only scholarly persons plainly teachers as well. These problem situations and their causes have to be addressed appropriately in order that pupils involvement into more sound ones can be averted, if not minimized. The school is a breeding-teaching venue. Inside its classroom, productive and efficient instruction takes place, which translate learning opportunities into actual learning engagement under the direction of teachers. One of the factors that didder learning is the operation of guidance service.In broad terms, guidance implies advic e. It is a conscious attempt of an administrator to stimulate and direct the activities of the student/pupil toward definite and worthy objectives. Guidance involves all those influences and opportunities designed to assist the pupil in discovering how he whitethorn misrepresent his vocational, educational, sociable, cultural and margin closely successful. One purpose of guidance is to make soul discover the mode of life by which he can realize almost full his potentialities for worthy and satisfactory service.To this end, school must have a sympathetic understanding of the pupils interest, aptitude and abilities and make a conscious effort to help develop them for the triumph of their of necessity discharge of duties and responsibilities and enjoyment of these opportunities. Guidance is a tool to make wise ratiocination and choice (Gregorio, 1965). Children in contemporary times are exposed to several conflicting, distrperforming, and stressful situations inside and outside the school premise. An individual makes an leeway when he finds contentment in his family sexual intercourseship with the environment and in the relationships between his needfully and interest.Satisfactorily, alteration leads on a well-adjusted personality. (Health and Home Vol. 42. No. 3, 2000) send six is a time of adjustment especially because it is a period of adjustment to high school school. Every pupil undergoes this stage. This level is polar and usually temperamentized with doubt, business concern and confusion. The top five areas of concern that need adjustment are spiritual, donnish, career, social and economic. The major objectives why schools are now introducing intervention programs that are based from pupils of necessity is to help them the opportunity to be kick upstairsd and to meet the demand for high look education.Schools have great role to play in assisting pupils. Similarly, Sta. Cruz main(a) School Pupils have inescapably that are needed to be satisfied for a better quality of education, they encounter failures in their performances especially in terms of cognitive level, as well as cleverness members need to adopt some methods to meet the take of their pupils. Identifying these needs would lead them find ways and mode of assisting pupils to cope with their different problems that can affect their performance in school. The SCES pupils also face this kind of problems and needs.Grade half dozen Level has a large population in the school and the determination of these needs may not be easy. This research aims to determine the Guidance needs of Sta. Cruz Elementary School Grade Six Pupils especially under faculty members and the other needs that may arise that hinder their growth as pupils. This go forth also determine the performance of the school in meeting the needs and the effectivity of teachers, since academic needs and problems may arise in the classroom. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM This study will seek to ide ntify the needs of Grade Six Pupils of Sta.Cruz Elementary School, Year 2012 2013. Specifically, the study will attempt to answer the side by side(p) problems. 1. What are the needs in terms of academic, character building, economics, family, visible, mental/emotional, versed, social, spiritual/moral of the SCES Grade Six Pupils? 2. Is on that point any significant relationship between their needs and the academic performance? 3. What is the better guidance program for the needs of the respondents? SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS This study was cogitate on the Guidance involve of the Grade Six Pupils A Basis for a Proposed Program of Sta.Cruz Elementary School, Dasmarinas City. The study has a population of 50 respondents, in school year 2012 2013. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDIES The result of the research study will be very significant and utile to the pupils, the teachers, and the school administrators. For the pupils, he may be able to apply the guidance program in enhancing the skil ls on how to manage different needs. For the teachers, this will be of great help in manoeuvre their pupils as they interact in class. In addition, it maybe be the basis of the teaching strategy that may use in teaching to be effective teachers.For the school administrators, this will serve as its basis in dealing with pupils and by coping their needs that greatly affect their academic performance and the good standard of the school. The guidance counselors can also assist the pupils in their needs and can be able to guide and organize action flows necessary to address the said needs. This study will also of great help to parents to comprehend the current knowing needs of their children so that they can be able to cope up with and to make necessary adjustment to strengthen family relationships. CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK.The theoretical framework of this research was based on Henry Murrays Theory on needs of Kurt Lewins Dynamics of Personality on Needs. Murray be seeds as a construct convenient fiction or hypothetical concept which stands for a wildness in the brain region, a force which organizes perception, appreciation, intellection, conation and action in such(prenominal) a way as to transform in a certain direction on an existing, unsatisfying situation. A need is sometimes provoked directly by internal processes of a certain kind, but more frequently (when in a state of readiness) by the occurrence one of a few commonly effective weigh (environmental force).Thus it manifest itself by leading the organism to search for or to avoid encountering or when encountered, to pick up and respond to certain kinds of press. Each need is characteristically accompanied by a particularly emotional state or emotion and tends to use certain modes to further its trends. It maybe weak or intense, monetary or enduring, but usually it persist and give rise to a certain course of overt demeanour (or fantasy) which diversenesss the initiating circumstances in such a way to bring more or less an end situation which exempt (appeases or satisfied) the organism. (Murray 1998, p. 123-124).From Murrays definition, it is important to consider the bases for distinguishing different types of needs. First, there is the distinction between primary and secondhand needs. The primary or viscerogenic needs, are linked to characteristic organic events and typically refer to a physical satisfaction, urination, and defecation. The secondary, or psychogenic, needs are presumably derived from the primary needs and from the characterized by physical satisfaction. These needs are needs for acquisition, construction, proceeding, recognition, exhibition, dominance, autonomy, and deference.Second Murrays destination between overt needs and covertness, that is manifest needs and talent needs. Overt needs typically expressed themselves in motor behavior while covert needs usually belong to the world of fantasy or dreams. Third, there are focal needs and indu lgent needs. Some work needs are closely link to limited classes of environmental objects whereas others are so generalized as to be applicable in almost any environmental setting. Murray pointed out that unless there is some unusual fixation as a need as always subject to change in the objects toward with which it is directed and the manner in which these are approached.That is the sphere of environment events to which the need is pertinent may broaden as narrowed, and the instrumental acts linked to the need may be increased or decreased. If the need is firmly attached to an unsuitable objective this is called a fixation and is customarily considered pathological. Fourth, there are proactive needs and reactive needs. The proactive need is one that is largely determined from within, one that becomes spontaneous kinetic because of something in the person rather than something in the environment.Reactive needs, on the other hand activated because of, or in response to some environm ental event. Murray used these concepts also to describe interaction between cardinal or more persons where usually one individual can be identified as the pro actor (initiates the interaction, asks the questions, in general provides the stimulus to which the other must respond) and other individual can be identified as the reactor. (Reacts to the stimuli provided by the pro actor). Fifth, there is distinction between process activities and modal needs plus affect needs.Effect needs are needs that lead to some desired state or end result. Process military action and modal needs are tendencies to perform certain acts for the sake by the performance itself. The random coordinated non-functional operation of various processes vision, hearing, thought, speech and so fort) that occurs from birth on is called process activity. Modal needs, on the other hand, involve doing something with a certain spirit level of excellence or quality. It is still the activity that is sought and enjoye d, but it is now rewarding only when it is performed with a certain degree of perfection.According to Kurt Lewin (Hall C. 1997,) need is an increase of tension or the release of energy in an inner personal region is caused by the arousal of a need. A need may be a psychological condition such as hunger, thirst or sex it maybe a desire for something such as job or a spouse or it maybe an intention to do something such as completing a task or keeping an appointment. A need is therefore a motivational concept and is equivalent to such terms as motive, wish, drive, and urge. Changing needs of a pupil is considered crucial to the development of effective guidance program.An individual makes an adjustment when he finds contentment in his relationship with his environment and in the relationship between his needs and interest. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK The review of link up literary works and relevant studies presented here provide a good background and for the study. Some studies conducted b oth in united States and in the Philippines as well as literature colligate to the present study are presented. distant Related Readings The Randolph Township Schools guidance program in New Jersey, seeks to foster the social and emotional growth of students in an effort to have them succeed academically and personally.Guidance is an integral part of the elementary education program. The counselor is a child advocate. A goal of elementary counseling is to be preventative in nature while also identifying and addressing current problems. Another goal is to help children understand themselves and others. The elementary program is characterized by intervention and prevention techniques. Counselors help students develop social skills including conflict resolution, interpersonal relations skills, decision qualification and problem solving. Counselors also assist students in their transition to Randolph schools and in moving up to the nerve center school.Counselors conduct individual and group session, classroom lessons, district-wide programs, and parent consultations as needed. Counselors work collaboratively with other school personnel, especially the classroom teacher, and serve on each buildings Pupil Assistance Committee. Counselors attend professional conferences and belong to professional associations. The counselors are available to consult with parents, teachers, and administrators to help address specific academic, social, and/or personal concerns of students. guidance is for everyday people with everyday problems.Elementary guidance counselors are responding to todays needs by providing children with developmental school counseling programs and support. There are many reasons a child may see the elementary school counselor as stated in Maine School Administrative rule 22 in Hampden, Newburgh and these may include help with peer relationships/social skills, low self-esteem, dread or anxiety, a family concern, behavioral and/or learning difficulties, absenteeism and any other concern that is interfering with the childs ability to learn.Local Related Readings The Philippine Education Act of 1982 Sec. 9, states the Rights of all students in school. In addition to other rights, and subjects to the limitations prescribed by law of regulations, students and pupils in all schools shall enjoy the following rights The right to receive, in the first place through competent instruction relevant quality education in line with National goals and tributary to their full development and persons with human dignity.The rights to freely choose their fields of study subject to existing curricula and to brood their course there in up to graduation, except in cases of academic deficiency or irreverence of disciplinary regulations, and The right to school guidance and counseling services for making decisions of selecting the alternatives in field of work suited to his potentialities. Annotated by Amado C. Dizon (1983). Therefore, the Philippine Constitution itself, states the vital role of the schools play in molding and guiding the youth. Foreign Related Studies.The article Academic Problems of the University of Cincinnati stated some common reasons why pupils experience academic problems a) Motivation b) Inadequate Time Management c) Study Skills d) Social Distractions e) Learning Disabilities and f) other Psychological Needs (Cited in campblues). According to Kauffman (1993) managing pupils behavior has always been a demanding task, but it has become much more insistent during the past decade. He explained that when teachers are not successful in helping pupils learn and enjoy school, the reason is likely to be, in large measure the difficultness they experience in managing classroom.Many teachers who become demoralized recover burned-out or leave the profession and attribute their unhappiness in teaching to their difficulty in managing pupils behavior. What experienced teachers tell people in the field, what they r ead and what they see in schools a very reliable indicator tell them that disruption, aggression, disinterest in school, social withdrawal, and other forms of undesirable behavior are increasingly common in nearly all schools.Without effective strategies for dealing with unacceptable and troublesome behavior, teachers are unlikely to have a career in teaching, and even less likely to enjoy and be successful in their chosen profession. Furthermore, pupils are more unlikely to learn what they should when their teachers are unhappy and feel defeated. Hence, understanding how to respond to behavioral concerns and being responsive to each child begin with understanding of problem behavior and how one can prevent it from occurring through effective classroom behavior management strategies. A study of Missouri high schools as stated in Lapan, R.T. , Gysbers, N. C. , & Petroski, G. F. (2001). Helping seventh graders be gumshoe and successful A statewide study of the impact of comprehensi ve guidance and counseling programs. Journal of discuss and Development, 79, 320-330, Implementing comprehensive school counseling programs is consistently associated with important indicators of student safety and success. The study found that school counselors who were more fully engaged in providing students with a unique network of emotional and instructional support services were more likely to exert a positive impact than counselors who did not implement such activities.after researchers controlled for differences between schools due to socioeconomic status and enrollment size, students attending middle schools with more fully apply comprehensive programs reported (a) feeling safer attending their schools, (b) having better relationships with their teachers, (c) believing that their education was more relevant and important to their futures, (d) being more satisfied with the quality of education available to them in their schools, (e) having fewer problems related to the phy sical and interpersonal milieu in their schools, and (f) earning higher grades.A study done in Gwinnett County, atomic number 31 in Mullis, F. & Otwell, P. (1997). Counselor accountability A study of counselor effects on academic achievement and student behaviors. Georgia School Counselors Association Journal, 14, 4-12. Watts, V. & Thomas, B. (1997), shows that school counselors impact students academic performance and can increase the on-task, productive behavior of students and reduce disruptive behaviors.The Behavior Rating Checklist indicated statistically significant decreases in disruptive behaviors and significant increases in productive, on-task behaviors for both the third grade and the fifth grade students tested. Language arts progress was statistically significant for both grade levels as well. The impact of more fully implemented guidance programs on the school experiences of high school students A statewide evaluation study.Journal of Counseling & Development, 75, 292 -302, shows that schools with more fully implemented model guidance programs had students who were more likely to report that (a) they had earned higher grades, (b) their education was better preparing them for the future, (c) their school made more career and college education available to them, and (d) their school had a more positive climate (greater feelings of belonging and safety at school, classes less likely to be interrupted, peers behaving better).After removing the variables of school enrollment size, socioeconomic status, and percentage of minority students in attendance, positive program effects were identifiable. Results play up the important roles school counselors play in promoting the central educational goals of their schools and support a comprehensive guidance program focus for university counseling faculty who train school counselors. Local Related Studies Another problem that the researchers find crucial is financial problem and their lifestyle. All students in public/government schools considered these the most real problems.As Sompong Poungcharoen revealed in his study in the Problems of College Freshmen of the University of Northern Philippines Implications to the Guidance Program. According to him, all students considered their most serious problems to be are in the area of finance, living conditions and employment and that they need help to solve their problems. In the sense that education is a lifelong process, socialization is also a continuous process of learning. some(prenominal) are concerned with the development of man and society. Socialization begins within the intimate relationships in the home.Next to the family, the most potent and effective socializing agent is the classroom, which is natural extension of the home. The school in itself is a social system. When the students attend a class, they are interacting within the formal social system of the school which consists of the students, the teachers and the administra tors, all of them acting and reacting according to their respective roles and status. All these activities in and out of the school are included in socialization. (Alicia S. Bustos, Ed. D. and Socorro C. Espiritu, Ph. D. , pedestal of Education, 1996).Structured curricular activities can promote mental health among all adolescents and particularly for those at luck of negative academic outcomes. It is important therefore, that at risk, teens be involved in a structured activity of the choice under the influence of positive peer networks and competent adults. These activities can lead to greater self-esteem, satisfaction and engagement in school, social competence, improved academic performance and graduation. (Educational Research Vol. 4 No. 1 January 2004). Confidence is another aspects that pupils should have at the very early stage, or should we say, must be learned.Students under the category needed guidance and counseling to be able them to minimize or tot uply remove social anxiety and venerate of public speaking. Especially that the students understudied are future teachers of the young. We pay the price of fear and worry to live the life of a human being. Our susceptibility to anxiety is the root cause of our problems. As Dr. K. Sri Dhammananda stated on the world-class chapter of his book entitled Why worry? states that Fear and Worry face to be part of human life. One who is immersing in the world is not free from these unpleasant mental states.Their worries are due to various commitments and responsibilities they have. Their worries come in many various guises. They feel inadequate when they contrast themselves with others. They may be afraid to be themselves as they really are in the presence of others, so they act and pretend to be someone else when in fact they are not. People worry about their physical appearances. They are afraid of being criticized, to present their ideas or opinions before a crowd for fear of being ridiculed, but feel angry with themselves whenever someone else present the same idea and gets credit for it.Others worry about their families. In their workplace, they may have to face problems in carrying out assignments and have difficulties in making decisions. Therefore, parents and schools guidance counselor and personnel should guide pupils accordingly. Considering the researches above, we can notice that there are needs or problems that needs to be intervened immediately. Such concerns of pupils are the following Physical needs, Academic needs, Psychological- mad needs, knowledgeable needs, Spiritual needs, Family needs, Career needs, Social needs and Character Building.According to Kapunan, Guidance does not solve problems for an individual, but it helps the individual to solve them. Guidance therefore, is directed on problems but on the individual because its purpose is to promote the growth of the individual toward self-development. It leads the individual toward self-understanding, self-a ppraisal, and self-direction. To check whether the function is adequate to the task, the methods fitting, the guidance program needs to assessment. wariness should give to the development and crisis needs of pupils.Special consideration should be given to psychological as well as intellectual development, creative ability, vocational preparation and a balance socialization and individuality. Farrales (1997) conducted a study, which focused on determining the prevalence of behavioral problems among children 5-12 years of age who consulted at the Zamboanga City Medical subject matter Out Patient Department. With the use of a Random Questionnaire Checklist, out of 50 respondents, 15% were found out to have maladjustment problems underlying the presenting medical complaints of cough, fever and colds.While the aforementioned study focuses more on doable co-existing, if not causative psychological problems along with medical complaints, such results show that emotional problems can exi st but subtle and easily overlooked, remaining undetected unless sought for. If such is the case, then most sure enough it is vital we determine the true prevalence of behavioral problems among children, as many may present with physical ailments, but are with nevertheless underlying serious emotional problems. RESEARCH HYPOTHESES In the conduct of this study, the following hypotheses were tested.1. There is no significant relationship between the performance of the respondents and their guidance needs in terms of academic, character building, economics, family, physical, psychological/emotional, versed, social, and spiritual/moral skeleton 1. Research Paradigm Figure 2 Figure 1, paradigm showing the needs of SCES grade six pupils basis for a proposed guidance program. DEFINITION OF name The following definitions are conceptual or lexical definition. Academic needs- pertains to ones needs along scholastic adjustment and performance.(Torres 1987) Adjustments- this refers to the i ndividuals ability to adopt physically, socially, and emotionally and the ability to adjust to his unsanded environment and friends. (Uy, 2002) Career- The course followed or progress made by a person in his note or lifes work. (Webster elementary dictionary) Character building needs- pertains to ones needs related to the improvement of ones trait. (Torres, 1987) Economic- Pertains to financial and fabric needs (Torres 1987) Family needs- pertains to ones needs in relation to the members of the family.(Torres 1987) Physical needs- pertains to ones physiologic and bodily needs including the need for sports and recreation. (Torres 1987) Psychological/ Emotional needs- pertains to ones need for emotional stability and psychological support. (Torres 1987) Sexual needs- pertains to ones sexual needs like the need to be loved and accepted by the opposite sex, coping with sexual information on human sexuality and sex. (Torres 1987) Social needs- pertains to ones needs in relation to oth ers. (Torres 1987) Spiritual/Moral- pertains to ones need in relation to his creator. (Torres 1987) Chapter III METHODOLOGY.This chapter deals with the research design, implemented to consistently answer the specific purpose of the study. It describes briefly the venue of the study, the respondents, and the instrument used to gather data for the statistical treatment to have an accurate interpretation and evaluation that likewise contained in this chapter. RESEARCH DESIGN This study is a descriptive analysis which will use the descriptive survey method (John Best, 1987) point out that descriptive research is concerned with the conditions or relationship that are existing processes that are going on effects that are being felt trends that are developing.Furthermore, according to Borg and Gall (1979) the survey method will enable the researcher to search and evaluate many aspects of the research in education such as administrative procedure and policies and interrelationship for purp ose of internal evaluation and improvement. In view of this, the researchers consider it most appropriate to use the descriptive method since the main purpose of the study is to identify the guidance needs of grade six pupils of Sta. Cruz Elementary School.Following the survey research, the researchers will use a survey questionnaire in order to determine the guidance needs of grade six pupils of Sta. Cruz Elementary School and propose a guidance program that would help answer the identified needs. The questionnaires were employed to collect descriptive information that will serve as a basis in conducting the study. POPULATION AND SAMPLING PROCEDURE A total of 85 respondents comprised the sample of the study, which is 10% of the total population of grade six graduating class.The 10% will be the problem children from all the 16 sections. The researchers will adopt the Pupils Needs Inventory (PNI) concerning the ten areas of pupil needs. To determine the sample of the population, the Sloven formula (1960) will be adopted. Figure 2. Profile of the respondents according to sex display board 1. Religious Affiliations of the Respondents Religion No. Of Students Roman Catholic 70 Born Again 10 Islam 0 Iglesia Ni Cristo 5 Grade VI pupils who are Roman Catholic dominate other worship ranking first with 70 pupils out of 85.Second is born again with 10 pupils followed by Iglesia ni Cristo with 5 pupils. Table 2. Profile of the Respondents according to Monthly Income 20,000 above 0 15,000-19,000 10 10,000-14,000 12 9,000-5,000 28 5,000 below 35 35 pupils belong to family with periodic income of 5,000 and below 28 pupils belong to a family with monthly income of 5,000-9,000 followed by 12 pupils with 10,000-14,000, and 10 pupils with 15,000-19,000 monthly income. RESEARCH INSTRUMENT Students Needs Inventory (SNI), 1987, designed by Mrs. Lilia Torres, Research Director of the UP, Dr. Vicentita M.Cabrera Research Coordinator and Head of Testing and Research acti vity and counseling and Guidance, UP 1987. This instruments was 1st used by the diagnosis in the three campuses of UP to identify the prevailing needs of the students so that they may be better helped during their study in the university and also to assess their needs so that they will be provided with opportunities for the maximum development of this physical, social, intellectual, as well as spiritual well-being and assist them to explore and make full use of their potential to achieve their goals. The instrument has four parts a. calve 1- this is the information data sheet where the pupils are asked to write their personal information monthly income, special skills and interest. b. Part 2- the academic performance sheet where the pupils are asked to write their subject grade when they where in grade V, below that is a space provided for the reason why they got their lowest or highest grade in a certain subject. c. Part 3- pupil needs sheet contains 100 situations that would surve y especially the respondents needs and concerns along the ten areas academic, career, psychological, spiritual, family, economic, social, sexual, physical, character building.d. Part 4-the answer sheet, which contains five columns where the respondents would indicate their answers using the five point rating scale. 5- Very much of a need, 4- Much of a need, 3- Generally a need, 2-Not much a need, 1- Not a need. The SNI questionnaire consists of one hundred items classified into the following areas 1. Academic- consists of nineteen items pertaining to ones needs along scholastic adjustment and performance. 2. Career- consists of seven items pertaining to ones needs in the world of work.3. Character Building- consists of nine items pertaining to ones needs related to the improvement of ones traits. 4. Economics- consists of seven items pertaining to ones financial and material needs. 5. Family- consists of nine items pertaining to ones need in relation to family. 6. Physical- consists of seven items relating to ones physiological and bodily needs including the need for sports and recreation. 7. Psychological/Emotional- consists of seventeen items perta.